The authors go on to state that fear is the fueling source behind delinquent behavior, which resulted in higher rates of serious crimes The opposing views of broken windows theory argued that it was too weak because of the lack thereof empirical evidence proving the correlation between implementation of broken windows policing methods and decrease in crime Harcourt, The purpose of this essay was to compare and contrast the two different perspectives on the broken windows theory.
This paper shall also conclude whether the broken windows theory can be successfully used within a community policing model. In my opinion the broken windows theory had enough substantial groundwork presented that it was successfully used within community policing. To begin, according to Clyde Cronkhite the theory was true. The main concept that Kelling and Wilson stated, was that if small minor disorders such as littering, public drinking, graffiti etc.
Cronkhite gave reasoning behind their theory stating that serious crimes stem from criminals assuming that once there was social acceptance of minor delinquent behaviors, the community became vulnerable and were less likely to act against such behaviors.
Broken windows entails a process whereby unchecked visible disorder signals to residents that community lacks social control. Gau and Pratt gave an explanation as to why criminals tend to flood the streets when minor disorders are present in society.
From personal experience in third year of University I attended a midnight street walk of downtown Toronto, which allowed me to draw on the same conclusions as Gua and Pratt. During the street walk it was clear that certain geographical areas provided an outlet for further crime to exist based on social senses, such as Regent Park. Also, based on physical evidence that remained on George St in front of Seaton House; needles on the floor, graffiti on the walls and empty alcohol bottles not only concluded that this area was a favorable environment for crime, but that indeed some form of illegal acts had occurred.
Furthermore, Gua and Pratt discussed how the perceptions of disorder in a community instilled fear into its members and how fear created social disengagement from the community. The broken windows perspective outlined the cognitive thought behind what individuals viewed as disorders Cronkhite, In other words, disorder was always in the eye of the beholder, which in this case was the community.
The way the community interpreted the delinquent behavior for example littering, determined whether the community was going to reject or accept it into their societal values. James McCabe goes on to talk about how it was not the physical aspect of the act litter in itself but rather the symbolism it created that lead to increase in crime.
McCabe also stated that if individuals saw littering as a threat to social order, this threat would no longer be overlooked or considered unimportant, instead littering would be viewed as a key catalyst to a chain of negligent behavior Fear was a result of the negligent behavior, fear also generated attachment to the visible characteristics of delinquency, helping outsiders derive a negative stigma about a community J.
Irwin, personal communication , Oct 3rd, This theory was based on the principal that social problems are socially created Tepperman and Curtis, , the social functionalist approach supported the original work on the broken windows theory, which stated that minor disorders are classified and looked at based on individual perception source.
Though these two theories take different forms in practice, they both stem from the same fundamental concept that law enforcement officers must have an active presence within their communities in order to reduce major crime. There is little data available comparing the effectiveness of the policing strategies born from these theories, but we can discuss their differences in concept and practice. The Broken Windows theory was introduced in in an article written by social scientists James Q.
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